Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
Volume 7, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.118.009561
Keywords
atrial fibrillation; dementia; direct oral anticoagulant; warfarin
Categories
Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [F32HL134290, R01HL122200, R01HL131579]
- National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health [R21AG058445]
- American Heart Association [16EIA26410001]
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL122200, F32HL134290, R01HL131579] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R21AG058445] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Background--Oral anticoagulants (OACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), in addition to reducing stroke risk, could also prevent adverse cognitive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare the risk of dementia incidence across patients with AF initiating different OACs. Methods and Results--We identified patients with nonvalvular AF initiating OACs in 2 US healthcare claim databases, MarketScan (2007-2015) and Optum Clinformatics (2009-2015). Dementia, comorbidities, and use of medications were defined on the basis of inpatient and outpatient claims. We performed head-to-head comparisons of warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban in propensity score-matched cohorts. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident dementia for each propensity score-matched cohort and meta-analyzed database-specific results. We analyzed 307 099 patients with AF from the MarketScan database and 161 346 from the Optum database, of which 6572 and 4391, respectively, had a diagnosis of incident dementia. The mean follow-up of each cohort ranged between 0.7 and 2.2 years. Patients initiating direct OACs experienced lower rates of dementia than those initiating warfarin (dabigatran: HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.71-1.01; rivaroxaban: HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.94; apixaban: HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97). There were no differences in rates of dementia comparing direct OAC user groups (dabigatran versus rivaroxaban: HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.79-1.32; dabigatran versus apixaban: HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.63-1.36; apixaban versus rivaroxaban: HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.86-1.19). Conclusions--Patients with AF initiating direct OACs experienced lower rates of incident dementia than warfarin users. No obvious benefit was observed for any particular direct OAC in relation to dementia rates.
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