Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
Volume 7, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.118.009305
Keywords
cardiac rehabilitation; exercise; exercise capacity; exercise training; safety
Categories
Funding
- Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship
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Background-Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for patients with cardiovascular disease has traditionally involved low-to moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise training (MICT). There is growing and robust evidence that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) shows similar or greater efficacy compared with MICT across a range of cardiovascular and metabolic measures, in both healthy populations and populations with a chronic illness. However, there is understandable concern about the safety aspects of applying HIIT in CR settings. This systematic review analyzed safety data drawn from recent proof-of-concept studies of HIIT during CR among patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results-We included trials comparing HIIT with either MICT or usual care in patients with coronary artery disease or heart failure participating in tertiary care services, such as phase 2 (outpatient) CR. Adverse events occurring during or up to 4 hours after an exercise training session were collated. There were 23 studies included, which analyzed 1117 participants (HIIT=547; MICT=570). One major cardiovascular adverse event occurred in relation to an HIIT session, equating to 1 major cardiovascular event per 17 083 training sessions (11 333 training hours). One minor cardiovascular adverse events and 3 noncardiovascular adverse events (primarily musculoskeletal complaints) were also reported for HIIT. Two noncardiovascular events were reported in relation to MICT. Conclusions-HIIT has shown a relatively low rate of major adverse cardiovascular events for patients with coronary artery disease or heart failure when applied within CR settings.
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