Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 1862-1867Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2018.2871601
Keywords
Cd-free; chemical bath deposition (CBD); Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGSe)-based solar cells; Zn(S,O) buffer layer
Funding
- French government in the frame of the program of investment for the future (Programme d'investissement d'avenir) [ANR-IEED-002-01]
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Chemical bath deposited (CBD) Zn(S,O) remains one of the most studied Cd-free buffer layers for Cu(In,Ga)Se-2-based (CIGSe) solar cells and has already been implemented at the industrial level for high-efficiency solar cells andmodules. Exploring further routes of improvement is demanded and needed. One of the key routes is related to the high reactant concentration and high deposition temperature used for CBD-Zn(S,O). In this paper, we present a new family of reactants, based on hydroxylamine, presenting a high nucleophilic power and reactivity toward thiourea. We will show that the addition of these reactants allows to divide the concentration of thiourea by 3 and to perform Zn(S,O) deposition at room temperature. Efficiencies similar or even higher than the classical CBD cadmium sulfide are obtained due to higher J(sc) and FF of the CIGSe-based solar cells. Growth mechanism and impact of hydroxylamine on the composition of the Zn(S,O) and cell performances will be discussed.
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