Journal
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01732
Keywords
mutagenesis; genome engineering; allele dose effect; Populus; biallelic; monoallelic; knockout
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture in the Department of Agriculture [2015-67013-22812]
- National Science Foundation [IOS-1546867]
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation
- Department of Energy's Research Center - Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from China [BLYJ201603]
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The CRISPR technology continues to diversify with a broadening array of applications that touch all kingdoms of life. The simplicity, versatility and species-independent nature of the CRISPR system offers researchers a previously unattainable level of precision and control over genomic modifications. Successful applications in forest, fruit and nut trees have demonstrated the efficacy of CRISPR technology at generating null mutations in the first generation. This eliminates the lengthy process of multigenerational crosses to obtain homozygous knockouts (KO). The high degree of genome heterozygosity in outcrossing trees is both a challenge and an opportunity for genome editing: a challenge because sequence polymorphisms at the target site can render CRISPR editing ineffective; yet an opportunity because the power and specificity of CRISPR can be harnessed for allele-specific editing. Examination of CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutational profiles from published tree studies reveals the potential involvement of multiple DNA repair pathways, suggesting that the influence of sequence context at or near the target sites can define mutagenesis outcomes. For commercial production of elite trees that rely on vegetative propagation, available data suggest an excellent outlook for stable CRISPR-induced mutations and associated phenotypes over multiple clonal generations.
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