Journal
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02791
Keywords
Streptomyces; positive regulator; antibiotic production; xenobiotic response element; toxin-antitoxin
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) [PCIN-2014-067, BIO2015-66958-R]
- Junta de Castilla y Leon (JCyL) [CLU-2017-03]
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The xenobiotic response element (XRE) transcription factors belong to a regulator family frequently found in Streptomyces that are often followed by small proteins with a DUF397 domain. In fact, the pair XRE-DUF397 has been proposed to comprise toxin-antitoxin (TA) type II systems. In this work, we demonstrate that one of these putative TA-systems, encoded by the genes SC04441 and SC04442 of Streptomyces coelicolor, and denominated Scr1/Scr2 (which stands for S. coelicolor regulator), does not behave as a toxin-antitoxin system under the conditions used as was originally expected. Instead the pair Scr1/Scr2 acts as a strong positive regulator of endogenous antibiotic production in S. coelicolor. The analysis of the 19 Streptomyces strains tested determined that overexpression of the pair Scr1/Scr2 drastically induces the production of antibiotics not only in S. coelicolor, but also in Streptomyces lividans, Streptomyces peucetius, Streptomyces steffisburgensis and Streptomyces sp. CA-240608. Our work also shows that Scr1 needs Scr2 to exert positive regulation on antibiotic production.
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