High-Performance Large-Area Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Sequential Bilayer Processing via Nonhalogenated Solvents

While the performance of laboratory-scale organic solar cells (OSCs) continues to grow over 13%, the development of high-efficiency large area OSCs still lags. One big challenge is that the formation of bulk heterojunction morphology is an extremely complicated process and the formed morphology is also a highly delicate balance involving many parameters such as domain size, purity, miscibility, etc. The morphology control becomes much more challenging when the device area is scaled up. In this work, a highly efficient (12.9%) nonfullerene organic solar cell processed using a sequential bilayer deposition method from nonhalogenated solvents, is reported. Using this bilayer processing method, the organic solar cells can be scaled up to a larger area (1 cm(2)) while maintaining a high performance of 11.4% using doctor-blade-coating technique. Moreover, as the acceptor is hidden behind the polymer donor, the possibility of degradation by sunlight is lessened. Thus, improved photostability is observed in the bilayer structure device when compared with the bulk heterojunction device. This method offers a truly compatible processing technique for printing large-area OSC modules.