Journal
ACS CATALYSIS
Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 1081-1102Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04506
Keywords
heterogeneous catalysis; metal organic frameworks; cross-coupling reactions; C-H activation; C-C bond formation; C-N bond formation; C-O bond formation; C-B bond formation
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Funding
- University Grants Commission, New Delhi
- Department of Science and Technology, India [EMR/2016/006500]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CTQ2015-69153-CO2-1]
- Generalitat Valenciana [Prometeo 2017-083]
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Cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by transition metals are currently among the most widely used transformations in organic synthesis. In most of these reactions, the coupling involves the reaction of two complementary functional groups, particularly boronates and halides. For the sake of atom economy and simplicity of the starting materials, it is more advantageous when the coupling involves C-H activation of one substrate lacking a reactive functional group. The present review focuses on the use of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as solid reusable catalysts to promote cross-coupling reactions involving C-H activation. After general considerations, the review is organized according to the bond formed in the coupling, either C-C or C-heteroatom (N, O, B and X). The purpose of this mini review is to show the performance of MOFs as heterogeneous catalysts in these reactions, combining a high activity due to the large percentage of accessible metal sites and high stability allowing the reuse of the material in consecutive cycles. Comparison with homogeneous analogous catalysts indicates that this improved performance derives from the porosity, large surface area and site isolation and immobilization occurring in the MOFs. Considering the growing interests in these reactions the last section forecasts future developments in these areas in near future.
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