Journal
ACTA GEOTECHNICA
Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 615-626Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11440-018-0738-2
Keywords
Bio-cementation; Ground improvement; Microbially induced carbonate precipitation; Microscopy; One phase
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of National Development [SUL2013-1]
- Ministry of Education, Singapore [MOE2015-T2-2-142]
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Soil bio-cementation via microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) has been extensively studied as a promising alternative technique to traditional chemical cementing agents for ground improvement. The multiple-phase injection methods are currently well adopted for MICP treatment, but it is rather complex and requires excessive number of injections. This paper presents a novel one-phase injection method using low-pH all-in-one biocement solution (i.e. a mixture of bacterial culture, urea, and CaCl2). The key feature of this method is that the lag period of the bio-cementation process can be controlled by adjusting the biomass concentration, urease activity, and pH. This process prevents the clogging of bio-flocs formation and thus allows the biocement solution to be well distributed inside the soil matrix before bio-cementation takes effect, allowing a relatively uniform MICP treatment to be achieved. Furthermore, the ammonia gas release would be reduced by more than 90%, which represents a significant improvement in the environmental friendliness of the technology. The new one-phase method is also effective in terms of the mechanical property of MICP-treated soil; an unconfined compressive strength of 2.5MPa was achieved for sand after six treatments.
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