Journal
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
Volume 51, Issue 3, Pages 637-642Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1732-2
Keywords
Stomoxyines; Cypermethrin; Trypanosomiasis; Nigeria
Funding
- Commonwealth Scholarship Commission - UK government [NGCN-2016-196]
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Stomoxyines are mechanical vectors of several pathogens of livestock with severe consequences such as low productivity from constant irritation and disturbance. In vitro and in vivo bioassays were conducted to confirm the efficacy of cypermethrin analogues on stomoxyines. Cattle treated with cypermethrin (Pantex 30gl(-1)) and cypermethrin-mix (cypermethrin + oil from Senna occidentalis locally prepared by Fulani herdsmen) were compared using the restricted insecticidal application (RAP) method and a local Fulani application approach (FAA), while untreated cattle serve as control. A total of 550 speciated-fed Stomoxys niger were exposed to graded concentration of cypermethrin (Group A-D) at 30g/ml, 20g/ml, 10g/ml, 5g/ml, 1g/ml and 0.5g/ml. After 48h, the flies were assessed for mortality. In vivo bioassay of behavioural responses to stomoxyines showed greater mean percentage repellence using RAP (94.6%) of cypermethrin when compared with FAA (46.3%). The sigmoidal non-linear regression model curve of in vitro bioassay showed cypermethrin (Pantex (R) group A) to be most effective with LC50 of 1.52g/mL and it is significantly more effective than cypermethrin (Ectopouron (R) group B) and cypermethrin-mix (Fulani cypermethrin mixturegroup C) at 22.62g/ml and 20.62g/ml concentration, respectively. In this study, Pantex (R) demonstrated excellent stomoxyine repellence using RAP method with significant insecticidal effect. Therefore, the appropriate use of cypermethrin insecticides using RAP method is recommended for vector control to prevent African animal trypanosomiasis in Nigeria.
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