Cereal biopolymers for nano- and microtechnology: A myriad of opportunities for novel (functional) food applications

Background: Cereal biopolymers are widely available, inexpensive and versatile molecules used for nano- and microtechnology applications that will shape the future of our daily food. The way in which we currently produce and consume food is not sustainable and a food revolution is needed to meet current and future challenges in terms of ensuring a healthy, affordable diet, food safety, sustainability and security while not compromising on quality. As plant-derived molecules cereal biopolymers fit into the current quest for green, safe, renewable and sustainable solutions for long-standing and upcoming challenges experienced by the food industry. Scope and approach: In this review, the unique and unequalled potential and versatility of cereal biopolymers for nano- and microtechnology applications will be highlighted. Emphasis will be laid on two main applications: (i) the development of encapsulation and controlled release/target delivery systems and (ii) the exploitation of structure building and stabilizing capacities. Key futdings and conclusions: This relatively new cereal nano- and microtechnology research field needs to mature from a predominantly by observation driven to a more ratio controlled scientific approach. Cereal biopolymers have the potential to propel the current state-of-the-art food solutions to the next level. However, in order to let nano- and microtechnology and, more in particular cereal-based nano- and microtechnology, develop into a widely supported and powerful avenue to spur the much needed revolution in our food production, toxicological studies and open, unbiased and clear consumer communication also need to be clear focus points.