Journal
TRANSPLANT IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 53, Issue -, Pages 51-60Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2019.01.001
Keywords
Kidney transplant; Immunosuppression; Influenza; Vaccination; Antibody
Categories
Funding
- Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) (Georgia Avenue, Suite, Silver Spring, MD)
- Battelle Institute (Clairmont Rd., Suite, Atlanta, GA)
- Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF) (Atlanta VA Medical Center, Clairmont Road, Decatur, U.S.A.)
- Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award (IRACDA)
- Emory Transplant Center (NIH) [NO1-AI-50025-02]
- CDC
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Annual vaccination is routinely used in organ transplant recipients for immunization against seasonal influenza. However, detailed analysis of the kinetics of vaccine-induced immune responses in this population is lacking. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of vaccine strains-specific antibody responses to trivalent influenza vaccine in a group of renal transplant recipients and a control group. First, we found that the geometric mean hemagglutination inhibition titer against all 3 vaccine strains in the transplant cohort was significantly low when compared to control subjects. Next, whereas the control group sera showed significantly higher HA-specific IgG and isotype IgG1 antibodies at all four time points, a similar increase in the transplant group was delayed until day 28. Interestingly, within the transplant group, subjects receiving belatacept/MMF/prednisone-based regimen had significantly lower levels of total IgG and HA-specific IgG when compared to tacrolimus/MMF/prednisone-based regimen. Even though IgG-ASC response in both cohorts peaked at day 7 post-vaccination, the frequency of IgG-ASC was significantly low in the transplant group. Taken together, our studies show delayed kinetics and lower levels of influenza vaccine-specific antibody responses in renal transplant recipients and, more importantly, indicate the need to probe and improve current vaccination strategies in renal transplant recipients.
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