Journal
SMALL
Volume 14, Issue 47, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803192
Keywords
epidermal electronics; hydration; NFC; thermal sensing; wireless electronics
Categories
Funding
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics at Northwestern University
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11320101001, 11402134]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB351900]
- NSF [1400169, 1534120, 1635443]
- Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource [NSF ECCS-1542205]
- State of Illinois
- Northwestern University
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [NSF DMR-1720139]
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Precise, quantitative measurements of the thermal properties of human skin can yield insights into thermoregulatory function, hydration, blood perfusion, wound healing, and other parameters of clinical interest. The need for wired power supply systems and data communication hardware limits, however, practical applicability of existing devices designed for measurements of this type. Here, a set of advanced materials, mechanics designs, integration schemes, and wireless circuits is reported as the basis for wireless, battery-free sensors that softly interface to the skin to enable precise measurements of its temperature and thermal transport properties. Calibration processes connect these parameters to the hydration state of the skin, the dynamics of near-surface flow through blood vessels and implanted catheters, and to recovery processes following trauma. Systematic engineering studies yield quantitative metrics in precision and reliability in real-world conditions. Evaluations on five human subjects demonstrate the capabilities in measurements of skin hydration and injury, including examples of continuous wear and monitoring over a period of 1 week, without disrupting natural daily activities.
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