Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
Volume 1851, Issue 4, Pages 308-330Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.10.002
Keywords
Eicosanoid; Inflammation; Atherosclerosis; Cancer; Stroke; Infection
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GRK1673/1, GRK 1673/1]
- U.S. National Institutes of Health [R01 NS49430, R01 NS069939]
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Lipoxygenases (LOXs) form a heterogeneous class of lipid peroxidizing enzymes, which have been implicated not only in cell proliferation and differentiation but also in the pathogenesis of various diseases with major public health relevance. As other fatty acid dioxygenases LOXs oxidize polyunsaturated fatty adds to their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives, which are further transformed to bioactive lipid mediators (eicosanoids and related substances). On the other hand, lipoxygenases are key players in the regulation of the cellular redox homeostasis, which is an important element in gene expression regulation. Although the first mammalian lipoxygenases were discovered 40 years ago and although the enzymes have been well characterized with respect to their structural and functional properties the biological roles of the different lipoxygenase isoforms are not completely understood. This review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge on the physiological roles of different mammalian LOX-isoforms and their patho-physiological function in inflammatory, metabolic, hyperproliferative, neurodegenerative and infectious disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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