Journal
SEMINARS IN PERINATOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 7, Pages 444-452Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1053/j.semperi.2018.09.006
Keywords
Newborn, Surfactant; Antenatal Steroids; Postnatal Corticosteroids; NIPPV; Noninvasive Ventilation; Lung; Chronic Lung Disease; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex disorder with multiple factors implicated in its etiopathogenesis. Despite the scientific advances in the field of neonatology, the incidence of BPD has remained somewhat constant due to increased survival of extremely premature infants. Surfactant deficiency in the immature lung, exposure to invasive mechanical ventilation leading to volutrauma, barotrauma and lung inflammation are some of the critical contributing factors to the pathogenesis of BPD. Hence, strategies to prevent BPD in the postnatal period revolve around mitigation of this injury and inflammation. This article reviews the progress made in the last 5 years in the development of new preparations of surfactant, use of corticosteroids and non-invasive ventilation in the prevention of BPD. Emerging techniques of surfactant delivery through minimally invasive and non-invasive routes are also discussed. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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