Journal
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 89, Issue -, Pages 125-135Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.09.011
Keywords
Parvalbumin; Glycosaminoglycan; Proteoglycan; Plasticity; Psychiatric disorder
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council [ERC-2013-ADG-339379, HOMEOSIGN]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-15-CE16-0010, P2N2]
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Perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the brain are condensed glycosaminoglycan-rich extracellular matrix structures with heterogeneous composition yet specific organization. They typically assemble around a subset of fast-spiking interneurons that are implicated in learning and memory. Owing to their unique structural organization, PNNs have neuroprotective capacities but also participate in signal transduction and in controlling neuronal activity and plasticity. In this review, we define PNN structure in detail and describe its various biochemical and physiological functions. We further discuss the role of PNNs in brain disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer disease and addictions. Lastly, we describe therapeutic approaches that target PNNs to alter brain physiology and counter brain dysfunction.
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