Journal
PLANT BIOSYSTEMS
Volume 153, Issue 5, Pages 691-699Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/11263504.2018.1539042
Keywords
Metabolomics; time-of-flight mass spectrometry; multivariate statistical analysis; Wedelia trilobata; allelopathy
Categories
Funding
- National Science Centre of Malaysia (PSN)
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) [GGPM-2016-012]
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Although release and accumulation of plant metabolites from plant into soil can influence allelopathy, little information is known about metabolite changes that occur in leaf, litter and soil. In this study, seed germination bioassay tests and metabolomics analysis were performed to investigate the phytotoxic effects and metabolic variations (measured as buckets) in the ethanolic extracts of leaf, leaf litter and soil of Wedelia trilobata. Increasing the ethanolic extracts concentration of all extracts significantly inhibited Lactuca sativa germination rate (GR), shoot height (SH) and root length (RL). Soil exerted the strongest inhibition but contained the lowest number of buckets relative to those of leaf and leaf litter extracts. An overlap overview on the metabolome revealed a poor bucket overlap and redundancy among the leaf, leaf litter and soil extracts. Canonical correspondence analysis concluded that the SH of L. sativa was more sensitive to leaf litter extract and the leaf extract exerted a strong influence on the GR and RL of L. sativa. Multivariate analysis suggested that the metabolome of the leaf, leaf litter and soil differ substantially. Finally, putative identification using MS/MS data demonstrated various plant metabolites with phytotoxic effects that can contribute to the allelopathy of W. trilobata.
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