Journal
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 60, Issue 3, Pages 549-561Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy225
Keywords
ELF3; Flowering; Gene duplication; Light signaling; Phytochromes; Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan [GPN-0001, IVG-3005]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [23687007]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23687007] Funding Source: KAKEN
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EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3) functions as a night-time repressor required for sustaining circadian rhythms and co-ordinating growth and development in various plant species. The rice genome carries two ELF3 homologs, namely OsELF3-1 and OsELF3-2. Previous studies have suggested that OsELF3-1 has a predominant role in controlling rice photoperiodic flowering, while also contributing to the transcriptional regulation of rice floral regulators expressed in the morning. However, OsELF3-1 has not been functionally characterized. Here, we observed that the oself3-1 mutation suppresses the photoperiod-insensitive early flowering of photoperiod sensitivity5 (se5), which is a chromophore-deficient rice mutant. Detailed analyses of the se5oself3-1 double mutant revealed the recovery of the phytochrome-dependent expression of Grain number, plant height, and heading date7 (Ghd7), a floral repressor, and Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein (Lhcb) genes. Although the oself3-1 mutation recovered Ghd7 expression in the se5 background, there was a lack of Ghd7 expression in the phyAphyBphyC triple mutant background. These observations suggest that OsELF3-1 represses Ghd7 expression by inhibiting the phytochrome signaling pathway. Comparative genome analyses indicated that OsELF3-1 was produced via gene duplication events in Oryza species, and that it is expressed throughout the day. A comparison between the oself3-1 mutant and transgenic rice lines in which OsELF3-1 and OsELF3-2 are simultaneously silenced uncovered a role for OsELF3-1 in addition to the canonical ELF3 function as an evolutionarily conserved role for a night-time repressor that regulates the rice circadian clock. Our study confirmed that an ELF3 paralog, OsELF3-1, had a unique role involving the suppression of phytochrome signaling.
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