Four weeks of training with simple postural instructions changes trunk posture and foot strike pattern in recreational runners

Objectives: Previous studies showed that adopting forward trunk lean and forefoot strike patterns may reduce risk of running-related knee injuries. However, the process of learning such forms is unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of a 4-week training using simple postural instructions to elicit these changes. Design: Longitudinal intervention study. Setting: A training included postural instructions: 1) lean your trunk forward, and 2) land on the front part of your feet. Participants: Eighteen recreational runners. Main outcome measures: Participants were assessed prior to training (PRE), immediately after the instructions (iPST), during training at 2 weeks (2WK) and 4 weeks (4WK), and 7-10 days after the conclusion of training (RET). Assessment consisted of running trials performed at self-selected and controlled speeds, during which the trunk and foot strike angles were assessed. Results: Comparing to PRE, forward trunk angle significantly increased by approximately 3.5 degrees and foot strike angle by approximately 7 degrees at 2WK, 4WK and RET. Conclusions: A 4-week training with simple postural instructions induced significant changes in trunk and foot strike patterns in recreational runners. Future study is needed to develop clinical therapeutic protocols for runners with and at risk of running-related knee injuries. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.