Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
Volume 1849, Issue 2, Pages 210-216Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.06.001
Keywords
TLX; Neurogenesis; Neural stem cell; NR2E1; Nuclear receptor
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Funding
- Whitehall Foundation [2009-12-05]
- Welch Foundation [I-1724]
- Ellison Medical Foundation [AG-NS-0753-11]
- American Heart Association [09SDG2260602]
- NIH grants [1DP20D006484, R01NS070981]
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The orphan nuclear receptor TLX, also known as NR2E1, is an essential regulator of neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal, maintenance, and neurogenesis. In vertebrates, TLX is specifically localized to the neurogenic regions of the forebrain and retina throughout development and adulthood. TLX regulates the expression of genes involved in multiple pathways, such as the cell cycle, DNA replication, and cell adhesion. These roles are primarily performed through the transcriptional repression or activation of downstream target genes. Emerging evidence suggests that the misregulation of TLX might play a role in the onset and progression of human neurological disorders making this factor an ideal therapeutic target Here, we review the current understanding of TLX function, expression, regulation, and activity significant to NSC maintenance, adult neurogenesis, and brain plasticity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nuclear receptors in animal development. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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