Journal
NEURON
Volume 100, Issue 1, Pages 75-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.014
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Funding
- NIH [NS083845, NS 099328, NS103123]
- Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center (HNDC)
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alpha-Synuclein (alpha S) regulates vesicle exocytosis but forms insoluble deposits in Parkinson's disease (PD). Developing disease-modifying therapies requires animal models that reproduce cardinal features of PD. We recently described a previously unrecognized physiological form of alpha S, alpha-helical tetramers, and showed that familial PD-causing missense mutations shift tetramers to aggregation-prone monomers. Here, we generated mice expressing the fPD E46K mutation plus 2 homologous E/K mutations in adjacent KTKEGV motifs. This tetramer-abrogating mutant causes phenotypes similar to PD. alpha S monomers accumulate at membranes and form vesicle-rich inclusions. alpha S becomes insoluble, proteinase K-resistant, Ser129-phosphorylated, and C-terminally truncated, as in PD. These changes affect regions controlling motor behavior, including a decrease in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. The outcome is a progressive motor syndrome including tremor and gait and limb deficits partially responsive to L-DOPA. This fully penetrant phenotype indicates that tetramers are required for normal alpha S homeostasis and that chronically shifting tetramers to monomers may result in PD, with attendant therapeutic implications.
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