Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages 10436-10445Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06297
Keywords
palladium nanocrystals; surface facet; enzyme-like activity; antioxidants; computational chemistry; oxidative stress
Categories
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB931900, 2016YFA0201600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21207164, 11575123, 21373226]
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
- FDA Nanotechnology CORES Program
- NSFC Distinguished Young Scholars [11425520]
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To develop nanomaterials as artificial enzymes, it is necessary to better understand how their physicochemical properties affect their enzyme-like activities. Although prior research has demonstrated that nanomaterials exhibit tunable enzyme-like activities depending on their size, structure, and composition, few studies have examined the effect of surface facets, which determine surface energy or surface reactivity. Here, we use electron spin-resonance spectroscopy to report that lower surface energy {111}-faceted Pd octahedrons have greater intrinsic antioxidant enzyme like activity than higher surface energy {100}-faceted Pd nanocubes. Our in vitro experiments found that those same Pd octahedrons are more effective than Pd nanocubes at scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Those reductions in ROS preserve the homogeneity of mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuate damage to important biomolecules, thereby allowing a substantially higher number of cells to survive oxidative challenges. Our computations of molecular mechanisms for the antioxidant activities of {111}- and {100}-faceted Pd nanocrystals, as well as their activity order, agree well with experimental observations. These findings can guide the design of antioxidant-mimicking nanomaterials, which could have therapeutic or preventative potential against oxidative stress related diseases.
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