Journal
NEURON
Volume 100, Issue 6, Pages 1292-1311Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.009
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0104704]
- China Science Fund [31420103903]
- NIH [P01GM095467, R01 NS87988, DE17794, DE22743, T32 GM08600]
- Duke Health Scholars fund
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The previous decade has seen a rapid increase in microglial studies on pain, with a unique focus on microgliosis in the spinal cord after nerve injury and neuropathic pain. Numerous signaling molecules are altered in microglia and contribute to the pathogenesis of pain. Here, we discuss how microglial signaling regulates spinal cord synaptic plasticity in acute and chronic pain conditions with different degrees and variations of microgliosis. We highlight that microglial mediators such as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are powerful neuromodulators that regulate synaptic transmission and pain via neuron-glial interactions. We also reveal an emerging role of microglia in the resolution of pain, in part via specialized pro-resolving mediators including resolvins, protectins, and maresins. We also discuss a possible role of microglia in chronic itch.
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