Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages 9974-9982Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b04160
Keywords
targeted nanoparticles; lipid-membrane interaction; DLVO interaction; single-particle imaging; light-scattering; quartz crystal microbalance
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Funding
- Swedish Research Council [2013-7421, 2014-5557]
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [RMA11-0104]
- European Research Council [310034]
- EMRP - EMRP within EURAMET [HLT04]
- EMRP - European Union [HLT04, 217257]
- European Research Council (ERC) [310034] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Emerging biomedical applications such as molecular imaging and drug delivery often require directed binding of nanoparticles to cell-membrane receptors. The specific apparent affinity of such ligand-functionalized particles is size-dependent, an observation so far solely attributed to multivalent receptor ligand interaction. We question the universality of this explanation by demonstrating that the binding kinetics also depends on weak, attractive colloidal-type interaction between nanoparticles and a lipid membrane. Applying label-free single-particle imaging, we correlate binding of nanoparticles targeted to a cell-mimetic lipid membrane with the distribution of nontargeted particles freely diffusing close to the membrane interface. This analysis shows that already a weak, k(B) T-scale attraction present between 50 nm gold nanoparticles and the membrane renders these particles an order of magnitude higher avidity compared to 20 nm particles. A stronger emphasis on nonspecific particle membrane interaction might thus be required to accurately predict nanoparticle targeting and other similar processes such as cellular uptake of exosomes and viruses.
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