Journal
NATURE MATERIALS
Volume 18, Issue 2, Pages 149-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0263-6
Keywords
-
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council [2016-06146, 2016-03979, 201605498]
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation through a Wallenberg Academy Fellowship
- European Research Council (ERC) [637624]
- NIH/NIGMS through NSF [DMR-1332208]
- US National Science Foundation [DMR-1729737]
- VINNOVA [2015-04859]
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0010419]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G037515/1]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0010419] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Molecular doping is a crucial tool for controlling the charge-carrier concentration in organic semiconductors. Each dopant molecule is commonly thought to give rise to only one polaron, leading to a maximum of one donor: acceptor charge-transfer complex and hence an ionization efficiency of 100%. However, this theoretical limit is rarely achieved because of incomplete charge transfer and the presence of unreacted dopant. Here, we establish that common p-dopants can in fact accept two electrons per molecule from conjugated polymers with a low ionization energy. Each dopant molecule participates in two charge-transfer events, leading to the formation of dopant dianions and an ionization efficiency of up to 200%. Furthermore, we show that the resulting integer charge-transfer complex can dissociate with an efficiency of up to 170%. The concept of double doping introduced here may allow the dopant fraction required to optimize charge conduction to be halved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available