Journal
NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages 164-174Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.004
Keywords
Cancer vaccines; Virus-like particles; Caged protein nanoparticles; Tumor antigens
Funding
- National Institute of Health [R21EB017995]
- University of California Cancer Research Coordinating Committee [CTR-18-524776]
- University of California, Irvine (Graduate Division)
- University of California, Irvine (Henry Samueli School of Engineering)
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Peptide and protein-based cancer vaccines usually fail to elicit efficient immune responses against tumors. However, delivery of these peptides and proteins as components within caged protein nanoparticles has shown promising improvements in vaccine efficacy. Advantages of protein nanoparticles over other vaccine platforms include their highly organized structures and symmetry, biodegradability, ability to be specifically functionalized at three different interfaces (inside and outside the protein cage, and between subunits in macromolecular assembly), and ideal size for vaccine delivery. In this review, we discuss different classes of virus-like particles and caged protein nanoparticles that have been used as vehicles to transport and increase the interaction of cancer vaccine components with the immune system. We review the effectiveness of these protein nanoparticles towards inducing and elevating specific immune responses, which are needed to overcome the low immunogenicity of the tumor microenvironment. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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