Protective role of down-regulated microRNA-31 on intestinal barrier dysfunction through inhibition of NE-κB/HIF-1α pathway by binding to HMOX1 in rats with sepsis

Background: Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a significant clinical problem, commonly developing in a variety of acute or chronic pathological conditions. Herein, we evaluate the effect of microRNA-31 (miR-31) on intestinal barrier dysfunction through NF-kappa B/HIF-1 alpha pathway by targeting HMOX1 in rats with sepsis. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were collected and divided into the sham group, and the cecum ligation and perforation group which was subdivided after CACO-2 cell transfection of different mimic, inhibitor, or siRNA. Levels of serum D-lactic acid, diamine oxidase and fluorescence isothiocyanate dextran, FITC-DX concentration, and bacterial translocation were detected. Superoxidedismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were evaluated using the colorimetric method and an automatic microplate reader, respectively. Additionally, the levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of miR-31, HMOX1, NF-kappa B, HIF-1 alpha, I kappa B, ZO-1 and Occludin were assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Results: Inhibition of miR-31 decreased intestinal mucosal permeability and intestinal barrier function. The increased levels of miR-31 could cause oxidative damage and affect the expression of inflammatory factors in intestinal tissue of rats. HMOX1 was confirmed as a target gene of miR-31. MiR-31 affected intestinal mucosal permeability and intestinal barrier function, as well as oxidative damage and inflammation level by regulating HMOX1. Down-regulation of miR-31 inhibited NF-kappa B/HIF-1 alpha pathway related genes by regulating HMOX1 expression. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-31 increased survival rates of rats. Conclusion: Overall, the current study found that inhibition of miR-31 protects against intestinal barrier dysfunction through suppression of the NF-kappa B/HIF-1 alpha pathway by targeting HMOX1 in rats with sepsis.