Journal
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 115, Issue -, Pages 39-55Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.027
Keywords
Natural killer cell; Oligodendrocyte; Demyelination; Myelin protein; Multiple sclerosis
Categories
Funding
- Hayne Foundation
- NIH [R01AI067946, R01 CA100226]
- Human Herpes Virus-6 (HHV-6) foundation
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-Interactions between germline-encoded natural killer (NK) cell receptors and their respective ligands on tumorigenic or virus-infected cells determine NK cell cytotoxic activity and/or cytokine secretion. NK cell cytokine responses can be augmented in and can potentially contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system focused upon the oligodendrocytes (OLs). To investigate mechanisms by which NK cells may contribute to MS pathogenesis, we developed an in vitro human model of OL-NK cell interaction. We found that activated, but not resting human NK cells form conjugates with, and mediate cytotoxicity against, human oligodendrocytes. NK cells, when in conjugate with OLs, rapidly synthesize and polarize IFN-gamma toward the OLs. IFN-gamma is capable of reducing myelin oligodendrocyte and myelin associated glycoproteins (MOG and MAG) content. This activity is independent of MHC class-I mediated inhibition via KIR2DL1, but dependent upon the interaction between NK cell-expressed KIR2DL4 and its oligodendrocyte-expressed ligand, HLA-G. NK cells from patients with MS express higher levels of IFN-gamma following conjugation to OLs, more actively promote in vitro reduction of MOG and MAG and have higher frequencies of the KIR2DL4 positive population. These data collectively suggest a mechanism by which NK cells can promote pathogenic effects upon OLs.
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