Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 8, Pages 5475-5483Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10211
Keywords
organic solar cells; nonfullerene acceptor; planar small molecules; H-aggregation; wide band gap polymer; high open circuit voltage; C-H activation
Funding
- NSF of China [91233205]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2132042]
- Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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Four small molecular acceptors (SM1-4) comprising a central benzene core; two thiophene bridges and two 1,8-naphthalimide (NI) terminal groups were designed and synthesized by direct C-H activation. SM1 has a planar chemical structure and forms H-aggregation as films. By attachment of different substituents on the central benzene ring, the dihedral angles between the two NI end groups of SM1-4 gradually increased, leading to a gradual decrease of planarity. SM1-4 all possess a high-lying LUMO level, thatching with wide band gap (WBG) polymer donors which usually have a high-lying LUMO level. When used in OSCs, devices based on SM1 and WBG donor PCDTBT-C12 gave higher electron mobility; superior film morphology and better photovoltaic performance. After optimization, a PCE of 2.78% with a V-oc of 1.04 V was achieved for SM1 based devices, which is among the highest PCEs with a V-oc higher than 1 V. Our results have demonstrated that NI based planar small molecules are potential acceptors for WBG polymer based OSCs.
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