Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 138, Issue -, Pages 286-294Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.065
Keywords
Atlantic cod; Weathered crude oil; Toxicity; Droplets; Target lipid model; Toxic units
Funding
- Research Council of Norway [184716/S40, 196604/S40]
- American Petroleum Institute (API) [2015-110108]
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Toxicity of weathered oil was investigated using Atlantic cod (Gallus morhua) larvae. A novel exposure system was applied to differentiate effects associated with dissolved and droplet oil with and without dispersant. After a 4-day exposure and subsequent 4-day recovery period, survival and growth were determined. Analytical data characterizing test oil composition included polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) based on GC/MS and unresolved hydrocarbon classes obtained by two-dimensional chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection was used as input to an oil solubility model to calculate toxic units (TUs) of dissolved PAHs and whole oil, respectively. Critical target lipid body burdens derived from modeling characterizing the sensitivity of effect endpoints investigated were consistent across treatments and within the range previously reported for pelagic species. Individually measured PAHs captured only 3-11% of the TUs associated with the whole oil highlighting the limitations of traditional total PAH exposure metrics for expressing oil toxicity data.
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