Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 19, Pages 12404-12421Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01795
Keywords
poly(3,4-ethylenedioxypyrrole); poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); substituted hydroxyapatite; bilayer; electrodeposition; bioactivity
Funding
- Defence Research and Development Organisation, New Delhi, India, (DRDO) [ERIP/ER/1103949/M/01/1513]
- Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India (DST-TSD) [DST/TSG/NTS/2011/73]
- Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India (DST-EMEQ) [SB/EMEQ-185/2013]
- UGC [F. 30-1/2013 (SA-II)/RA-2012-14-NEW-SC-TAM-3240, F. 30-1/2013(SA-II)/RA-2012-14-NEW-GE-TAM-3228]
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Current strategies of bilayer technology have been aimed mainly at the enhancement of bioactivity, mechanical property and corrosion resistance. In the present investigation, the electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxypyrrole-co-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (P(EDOP-co-EDOT)) with various feed ratios of EDOP/EDOT on surgical grade stainless steel (316L SS) and the successive electrodeposition of strontium (Sr2+) magnesium (Mg2+) and cerium (Ce3+) (with 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 M Ce3+) substituted porous hydroxyapatite (M-HA) are successfully combined to produce the bioactive and corrosion resistance P(EDOP-co-EDOT)/M-HA bilayer coatings for orthopedic applications. The existence of as-developed coatings was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1 NMR), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Also, the mechanical and thermal behavior of the bilayer coatings were analyzed. The corrosion resistance of the as-developed coatings and also the influence of copolymer (EDOP:EDOT) feed ratio were studied in Ringer's solution by electrochemical techniques. The as-obtained results are in accord with those obtained from the chemical analysis using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). In addition, the antibacterial activity, in vitro bioactivity, cell viability and cell adhesion tests were performed to substantiate the biocompatibility of P(EDOP-co-EDOT)/M-HA bilayer coatings. On account of these investigations, it is proved that the as-developed bilayer coatings exhibit superior bioactivity and improved corrosion resistance over 316L SS, which is potential for orthopedic applications.
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