Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 1434-1439Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10660
Keywords
rice husks; graphene quantum dots; comprehensive utilization; biocompatibility; cell imaging
Funding
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [SU-83529201]
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1205670]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0159]
- Faculty Large Grant from the University of Connecticut [4623050]
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In this work, rice husk biomass was utilized as an abundant source to controllably prepare high-quality graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with a yield of ca. 15 wt %. The size, morphology, and structure of the rice-husk-derived GQDs were determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The as-fabricated GQDs can be stably dispersed in water, exhibiting bright and tunable photoluminescence. A cell viability test further confirmed that the GQDs possess excellent biocompatibility, and they can be easily adopted for cell imaging via a facile translocation into the cytoplasm. It is worth noting that mesoporous silica nanoparticles were also synthesized as a byproduct during the fabrication of GQDs. As such, our strategy achieves a comprehensive utilization of rice husks, exhibiting tremendous benefits on both the economy and environment.
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