Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 44, Pages 30248-30255Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10366
Keywords
sulfur utilization; polysulfides capture; shuttle effect free; in situ generation; Coulombic efficiency; lithium sulfur battery
Funding
- National Key Project on Basic Research [2015CB251104]
- China-US Electric Vehicle Project [S2016G9004]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51361130151]
- Beijing Science Foundation [2120001]
- U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
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Copper powder was introduced into the lithium sulfur battery system to capture intermediate polysulfides and CuxS (x = 1 or 2) species was generated depending on the chain length of polysulfides. This phenomenon was verified by X-ray absorption near edge structure technique. The results indicated that copper can be oxidized to CuS by Li2Sx (x >= 6), and a mixture of Cu2S and CuS was obtained when x ranges from 3 to 6. While Cu2S is eventually formed in the presence of Li2S3. After several cycles activation, the polysulfide-shuttle effect and self-discharge phenomenon which hinder the application of lithium sulfur batteries are found nearly eliminated Further experiments demonstrated that in the case of Cu2S generation, a high specific sulfur capacity of 1300 mAh g(-1) could be delivered, corresponding to 77.6% sulfur utilization, while the Coulombic efficiency approximates around 100%. Self-discharge experiment further demonstrated that polysulfides almost disappear in the electrolyte, which verified the polysulfide-capture capability of copper.
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