Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 43, Pages 29658-29667Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08981
Keywords
origami; shape-programmed material; stimuli-responsive materials; folding; polymer sheets; two-stage polymer
Funding
- National Science Foundation [EFRI-1240374]
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1509909] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We demonstrate the formation of shape-programmed, glassy origami structures using a single-layer photopolymer with two mechanically distinct phases. The latent origami pattern consisting of rigid, high cross-link density panels and flexible, low cross-link density creases is fabricated using a series of photomask exposures. Strong optical absorption of the polymer formulation creates depth-wise gradients in the cross-link density of the creases, enforcing directed folding which enables programming of both mountain and valley folds within the same sheet. These multiple photomask patterns can be sequentially applied because the sheet remains flat until immersed into a photopolymerizable monomer solution that differentially swells the polymer to fold and form the origami structure. After folding, a uniform photoexposure polymerizes the absorbed solution, permanently fixing the shape of the folded structure while simultaneously increasing the modulus of the folds. This approach creates sharp folds by mimicking the stiff panels and flexible creases of paper origami while overcoming the traditional trade-off of self-actuated materials that require low modulus for folding and high modulus for mechanical robustness. Using this process, we demonstrate a waterbomb base capable of supporting 1500 times its own weight.
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