Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 41, Pages 27803-27813Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09989
Keywords
porous carbon; lithium-sulfur battery; electrolyte; solvate ionic liquids; polysulfide-insoluble; pore volume
Funding
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)-Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA) of Japan
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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are a promising energy-storage technology owing to their high theoretical capacity and energy density. However, their practical application remains a challenge because of the serve shuttle effect caused by the dissolution,of polysulfides in common organic electrolytes. Polysulfide-insoluble electrolytes, such as solvate ionic liquids (ILs), have recently emerged as alternative candidates and shown great potential in suppressing the shuttle effect and improving the cycle stability of Li-S batteries. Redox electrochemical reactions in polysulfide-insoluble electrolytes occur via a solid-state process at the interphase between the electrolyte and the composite cathode; therefore, creating an appropriate interface between sulfur and a carbon support is Of :great importance. Nevertheless, the porous carbon supports established. for conventional Organic electrolytes may not be suitable for polysulfide-insoluble electrolytes. In this work, we investigated the effect of the porous structure of carbon materials on the Li-S battery performance in polysulfide-insoluble electrolytes using solvate ILs as model electrolyte. We determined that the, pore volume (rather than the surface area) exerts a major influence on the discharge capacity of S composite cathodes. In particular, inverse opal carbons with three-dimensionally ordered interconnected macropores and a large pore volume deliver the highest discharge capacity. The battery performance in both polysulfide-soluble electrolytes and solvate ILs was used to study the, affect of electrolytes. We propose a plausible mechanism to explain the different porous structure requirements polysulfide-soluble and polysulfide-insoluble electrolytes.
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