Long-Term Treatment and Survival in Three Apparently Immunocompetent Dogs with Disseminated Fungal Infection Caused by Phialosimplex caninus

Disseminated fungal infections cause morbidity and mortality in dogs. The prognosis varies depending on the infecting agent. Phialosimplex caninus is a recently recognized type of hyalohyphomyces. Knowledge regarding the clinical course of P. caninus infection in dogs is limited to two previous case reports. The clinical features, diagnostic findings, responses to medical therapy, and long-term outcomes of three dogs with disseminated P. caninus are presented in this study. All dogs had improved quality of life once itraconazole administration, with or without terbinafine, was instituted. Long-term disease remission was maintained even after discontinuation of antifungal therapy in a single dog.