Journal
BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW
Volume 80, Issue 2, Pages 145-162Publisher
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S0006297915020029
Keywords
miRNA; CpG-islands; methylation; target genes; epigenetic mechanisms; oncogenesis
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [14-15-00654]
- Russian Science Foundation [14-15-00654] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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Interaction between microRNA (miRNA) and messenger RNA of target genes at the posttranscriptional level provides fine-tuned dynamic regulation of cell signaling pathways. Each miRNA can be involved in regulating hundreds of protein-coding genes, and, conversely, a number of different miRNAs usually target a structural gene. Epigenetic gene inactivation associated with methylation of promoter CpG-islands is common to both protein-coding genes and miRNA genes. Here, data on functions of miRNAs in development of tumor-cell phenotype are reviewed. Genomic organization of promoter CpG-islands of the miRNA genes located in inter- and intragenic areas is discussed. The literature and our own results on frequency of CpG-island methylation in miRNA genes from tumors are summarized, and data regarding a link between such modification and changed activity of miRNA genes and, consequently, protein-coding target genes are presented. Moreover, the impact of miRNA gene methylation on key oncogenetic processes as well as affected signaling pathways is discussed.
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