Journal
JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
Volume 143, Issue -, Pages 251-258Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.08.019
Keywords
Microalgae; Sewage sludge; Hydrothermal liquefaction; Heterogeneous catalyst; Biocrude
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Funding
- MIUR [2010H7PXLC_005]
- European Commission under project STAGE-STE FP7 Cooperation [609837]
- S5-DISAM
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Production of biocrude through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge (SS) and Chlorella vulgaris was investigated. NiMo/Al2O3 (KF 851), CoMo/Al2O3 (KF 1022) and activated carbon felt, tested as catalysts at 598 K for 30 mm, did not change the biocrude yield but significantly improved its quality. Quantitative sulfur removal and lower oxygen content were found in biocrude when KF 851 and KF 1022 were used with C. vulgaris. The same catalysts decreased O/C and S/C ratio of the biocrude from SS. The highest HHV (38.19 MJ/kg) and H/C ratio (1.65) and the lowest O/C (0.11) of the biocrude from SS were obtained with the cheaper activated carbon felt. A new product phase, probably related to the presence of microplastics in the sludge, was found when SS were converted with catalysts. SS constitute a promising and costless alternative feedstock to microalgae for the HTL processes.
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