Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
Volume 87, Issue 1, Pages 16-26Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00239-018-9881-5
Keywords
Mitochondrial genome; Brown algae; Ishigeales; Dictyotales; Evolution; Phaeophyceae
Funding
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDB-SSW-DQC023]
- Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) [2018SDKJ0504]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41876165]
- S&T Innovation Project of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) [2016ASKJ02]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences [2015164]
- Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitoring and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms, S.O.A. [MATHAB201701]
- Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System in Shandong Province of China [SDAIT-26-09]
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To gain further insight into the evolution of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) in Phaeophyceae, the first recorded characterization of an Ishigeophycidae mtDNA from Ishige okamurae (Yendo), and only the second recorded characterization of a Dictyotophycidae mtDNA from Dictyopteris divaricata (Okamura) Okamura are presented in this study. The 35,485bp I. okamurae mtDNA contained 36 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, three rRNAs, and four open reading frames (orfs), and the 32,021bp D. divaricata mtDNA harbored 35 PCGs, 25 tRNAs, three rRNAs, and three orfs. The A+T content in D. divaricata (61.69%) was the lowest recorded in sequenced brown algal mtDNAs. The I. okamurae mtDNA displayed unique genome features including an elevated start-codon usage bias for GTG, while the organization of D. divaricata mtDNA was identical to that of Dictyota dichotoma. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence dataset of 35 PCGs indicated that I. okamurae (Ishigeophycidae) diverged early from the Fucophycidae-Dictyotophycidae complex, which was confirmed by the comparative analysis of the mitogenome structure. The novel mitogenome data made available by this study have improved our understanding of the evolution, phylogenetics, and genomics of brown algae.
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