Journal
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
Volume 1585, Issue -, Pages 1-9Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.047
Keywords
Self-activation; Multimodal porous carbons; Potassium citrate; Calcium citrate; Solid-phase microextraction; Organic micropollutants
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0800704, SQ2018YFC180091, SQ2018YFC180031]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41671236, 41877032]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDJ-SSW-DQC035]
- 135 Plan and Frontiers Program of Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences [ISSASIP1614]
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Highly sensitive solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of broad-spectrum organic micropollutants is a significant challenge due to the limited available pore sizes and pore size distributions (PSDs) of the probes. In this work, we synthesized novel multimodal porous carbons (MPCs) using facile and environment-friendly route for the first time, through direct carbonization of a potassium citrate and calcium citrate mixture. The co-carbonization process formed hierarchical structures with super-high specific surface areas (up to 3270 m(2 )g(-1)) and pore volumes (up to 1.79 cm(3) g(-1)). The PSD was easily controlled through adjustment of the mixture ratios of potassium citrate to calcium citrate. Moreover, the MPCs were partly graphitized, and showed great thermal stability (>450 degrees). MPC-coated probes were prepared and applied to extract chlorobenzenes (CBs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with improved performance, higher extraction capacity than commercial carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane probe. Under optimized conditions, a sensitive detection method for CBs and PCBs was developed by a MPC-coated probe coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detector. Finally, this method was successfully applied to analyze real environmental water samples with satisfactory recoveries (85.56%-104.30%). The findings are expected to broaden our perspectives for improved design of efficient porous materials for broad-spectrum SPME and other applications. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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