Emerging roles of noncoding RNAs in multiple myeloma: A review

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by unrestricted secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin and uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation. Extra-medullary infiltration and drug resistance are two major obstacles in the treatment of MM. To solve these problems, it is necessary to elucidate the underlying pathological mechanisms and find new therapeutic targets. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which were once considered transcriptional noise, have been recognized as crucial regulators in the process of tumorigenesis including MM. Increasing evidence has shown that ncRNAs participate in MM pathogenesis via a series of complex cellular or extracellular processes. This review article summarizes examples of ncRNAs involved in myelosis and discusses their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the diagnosis and treatment of myelosis.