Early Paleoproterozoic (ca. 2.36 Ga) post-collisional granitoids in Yunnan, SW China: Implications for linkage between Yangtze and Laurentia in the tor updates Columbia supercontinent

The early Paleoproterozoic is an essential period for understanding the early tectonic evolution of the Yangtze Block and its reconstruction in the Columbia supercontinent, whereas these issues are largely unknown due to the scarce preservation of early Paleoproterozoic geological records. This study presents rarely reported early Paleoproterozoic granitoids from the southwestern Yangtze Block, with integrated studies of zircon U-Pb ages, Lu-Hf isotopic compositions and whole-rock geochemistry. Magmatic zircon U-Pb dating for two monzogranite samples yields weighted mean Pb-207/Pb-206 ages of 2359 +/- 16 Ma and 2363 +/- 16 Ma, providing unambiguous evidence for the presence of early Paleoproterozoic magmatism in the Yangtze Block. All the samples have high A/CNK values of 1.30-1.61, typical of S-type granite. These rocks have low total REE contents of 72.5-139 ppm with marked enrichment in LREEs ((La/Yb)(N) = 10.73-23.83) and conspicuously negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.46-0.55). The rocks exhibit uniform primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns with enrichment in Rb, Th, U and Pb and depletion in Sr, Nb, Hf and Ti. These dated zircon grains have consistent negative epsilon(Hf)(t) values of -6.2 to -2.8 and T-DM2 ages of ca. 2.97-3.16 Ga, indicative of Mesoarchean crustal materials as their magma source. Considering the existence of the ca. 2.36 Ga regional high-grade tectono-metamorphic event, we propose that the ca. 2.36 Ga monzogranites were most likely generated in the early stage of post-collisional extension. Therefore, the southwestern Yangtze Block likely experienced a collision event during ca. 2.40-2.36 Ga, indicative of the involvement of the Yangtze Block in the ca. 2.5-2.3 Ga Arrowsmith orogeny of Laurentia. In addition, a series of accretionary events might also have occurred in the western Yangtze Block before the final assembly of the Columbia supercontinent, implying a tight spatial connection between the Yangtze Block and northwestern Laurentia within this global-scale supercontinent.