Excellent electrostrictive coefficient in bismuth sodium titanate-based ceramics via regulating degree of diffuseness and phase composition

Herein, the strain (S) with low hysteresis can be achieved in [Bi-0.5(Na0.72K0.18Li0.10)(0.5)](0.995)Sr-0.005 (Ti0.995Ta0.005)O-3-BaZrO3-NaNbO3 ceramics by an electrostrictive effect, and an excellent electrostrictive coefficient (Q(33)) of similar to 0.037 m(4)/C-2 can be obtained under an electric field of 60 kV/cm. The enhancement of the degree of diffuseness regulated by phase compositions can effectively promote the electrostrictive response and increase the Q(33) value. A higher ratio of P4bm and a larger P-s in P4bm guarantee the good linear relationship between S and P-2 (P represents polarization), where a larger P-s (P4bm) can effectively restrict the expression of ferroelectric state with the increase of electric fields (E). Consequently, high Q(33) values (0.033-0.037 m(4)/C-2) are nearly independent of the applied electric fields. Although the strain from the electrostrictive effect is not tremendous, the good linear relationship between S and P-2 is meaningful to the accurate displacement control in displacement actuators. Published by AIP Publishing.