Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Volume 124, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.5051665
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
- Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development within U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
- DOE Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships Program
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Experiments were performed to maximize the neutron yield from a 2 kJ dense plasma focus (DPF) and characterize the amount of copper sputtered from the surface of an anode by varying the diameter of the anodes' on-axis hollow. The hollow is a void in the copper material along the longitudinal axis of the anode. All the anodes had an outer diameter of 1.2 in. and the diameter of the hollow varied from 0 in. (no hollow) to 1 in. The anodes with a hollow produced a greater number of neutrons per discharge than the anode without a hollow. Over 40 discharges, the hollow anode that yielded the most neutrons (9.1 +/- 0.4 x 10(6) neutrons per discharge produced with the 0.75 in. hollow) produced >6 times more neutrons than the anode with no hollow. A qualitative observation of the anodes after 130 discharges showed less surface damage on anodes with a larger hollow. Quantitative sputter measurements were performed by characterizing the amount of copper sputtered onto on-axis quartz targets for three newly machined anodes, each with a particular hollow diameter. The quantitative results matched the qualitative observations: the copper sputter was reduced using larger hollows. The largest hollow sputtered 17 +/- 1.0 nm/sr/discharge of copper, a reduction of 69% compared to the anode with the most damage.
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