Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
Volume 164, Issue -, Pages 1-11Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2019.01.002
Keywords
Micro-structures; Anisotropic material; Constitutive behavior; Double network hydrogels; Mullins effect
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Funding
- USDOT Tier 1 UTC Center for Highway Pavement Preservation (CHPP) at Michigan State University
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While single network hydrogels show limited extensibility and low strength, double-network (DN) hydrogels benefit from significantly high stretch-ability and toughness due to their reinforcing mechanism of combining two soft and brittle networks. Here, a micro-mechanical model is developed to characterize the constitutive behavior of DN hydrogels in quasi-static large deformation. In particular, we focused on describing the permanent damage in DN gels under large deformations. Irreversible chain detachment and decomposition of the first network are explored as the underlying reasons for the nonlinear inelastic phenomenon. The proposed model enables us to describe the damage and the way it influences the micro-structure of the gel. The model is validated with uni-axial loading and unloading experiments of DN gels. The proposed model contains a few material constants and shows a good agreement with cyclic uni-axial test data. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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