Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 19, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113402
Keywords
COPD; allergic asthma; bronchiectasis; cytokines; IL-1 beta; IL-6; IL-8
Funding
- Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute [YFAC152003]
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation [CFF KRICK1610]
- NIH [K99HL131866/R00HL131866, T32 HL007457]
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [K99HL131866, T32HL007457, R00HL131866] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Cytokines are key players in the initiation and propagation of inflammation in chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and allergic asthma. This makes them attractive targets for specific novel anti-inflammatory treatment strategies. Recently, both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 have been associated with negative health outcomes, mortality and a pro-inflammatory phenotype in COPD. IL-6 in COPD was shown to correlate negatively with lung function, and IL-1beta was induced by cigarette smoke in the bronchial epithelium, causing airway inflammation. Furthermore, IL-8 has been shown to be a pro-inflammatory marker in bronchiectasis, COPD and allergic asthma. Clinical trials using specific cytokine blockade therapies are currently emerging and have contributed to reduce exacerbations and steroid use in COPD. Here, we present a review of the current understanding of the roles of cytokines in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Furthermore, outcomes of clinical trials in cytokine blockade as novel treatment strategies for selected patient populations with those diseases will be discussed.
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