Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 81, Issue -, Pages 81-84Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.021
Keywords
Trypanosoma cruzi; Chagas disease; Sexual transmission; Humans; Mouse model system; Vertical transmission; Diagnosis; Prevention
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Funding
- National Research Council/CNPq, Brazil
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Objective: To contribute to the discussion on the research findings indicating the sexual transmission of American trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease in humans. Methods: A review of the literature was performed to investigate the routes of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi parasites and to evaluate the distribution of Chagas disease, which is now found across five continents. Results: The epidemiological profile of American trypanosomiasis, which is still considered a neglected disease of the poor people of Latin America, has changed over time. A family-based study demonstrated that the blood protozoan T. cruzi can be transmitted sexually from infected males and females to naive mates. Conclusions: Evidence that Chagas disease can be transmitted sexually, coupled with the migration of individuals with Chagas disease to previously non-endemic countries and increased travel to endemic countries, has implications for public health. Improved screening of blood supplies and prenatal care are required to prevent congenital spread. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
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