Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
Volume 101, Issue 1-4, Pages 901-912Publisher
SPRINGER LONDON LTD
DOI: 10.1007/s00170-018-2957-y
Keywords
Friction stir welding; Minimum quantity lubrication; Aluminum alloys; Microstructure analysis
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Ontario Centers of Excellence (OCE)
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In many applications, in the aerospace and other industries, acquiring a high-quality weld is challenging using conventional joining techniques especially for materials with low melting temperatures. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a high-quality solid-state joining technique for welding lightweight materials. However, there is a need to prevent the transfer of excessive heat into the weld zone and to have a steady-state heat flow at the FSW tool. Therefore, significant research is being conducted to find an effective coolant-lubricant for FSW. More recently, interest has increased in the possibility of replacing traditional lubrication methods with effective and more sustainable alternatives. The present study investigates the effect of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of FSW aluminum alloy 6061-T651. Friction stir welding tool forces, tensile strength, and microstructure characterization were conducted on FSW Al 6061 samples produced using feed speeds from 100 to 260mm/min and spindle speeds of 1000 to 2200rpm. The results showed that MQL as a near-dry lubricant could reduce the measured forces during the FSW process. Most importantly, the results demonstrate that the average ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the joints increased and the grain size area decreased with the use of MQL as compared to the dry process joining. The finest grain size area obtained was 6m(2) using a spindle speed of 1600rpm at a feed speed of 180mm/min with MQL applied.
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