Journal
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
Volume 216, Issue 3, Pages 1608-1632Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggy507
Keywords
Time-series analysis; Computational seismology; Earthquake monitoring and test-ban treaty verification; Earthquake source observations
Categories
Funding
- Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/R001154/1]
- NERC [NE/R001154/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Locating microseismic events is essential for many areas of seismology including volcano and earthquake monitoring and reservoir engineering. Due to the large number of microseismic events in these settings, an automated seismic location method is required to perform real time seismic monitoring. The measurement environment requires a precise and noise-resistant event location method for seismic monitoring. In this paper, we apply Multichannel Coherency Migration (MCM) to automatically locate microseismic events of induced and volcano-tectonic seismicity using sparse and irregular monitoring arrays. Compared to other migration-based methods, in spite of the often sparse and irregular distribution of the monitoring arrays, the MCM can show better location performance and obtain more consistent location results with the catalogue obtained by manual picking. Our MCM method successfully locates many triggered volcano-tectonic events with local magnitude smaller than 0, which demonstrates its applicability on locating very small earthquakes. Our synthetic event location example at a carbon capture and storage site shows that continuous and coherent drilling noise in industrial settings will pose great challenges for source imaging. However, automatic quality control techniques including filtering in the frequency domain and weighting are used to automatically select high-quality data, and can thus effectively reduce the effects of continuous drilling noise and improve source imaging quality. The location performance of the MCM method for synthetic and real microseismic data sets demonstrates that the MCM method can perform as a reliable and automatic seismic waveform analysis tool to locate microseismic events.
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