Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 49, Issue 2, Pages 255-265Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847755
Keywords
Antigen processing and presentation; CD1d; NKTcells; Signal transduction; Viral infection
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [RO1 AI046455, RO1 CA161178, P01 AI056097, U54 DK106846]
- Indiana University School of Medicine's Cooperative Center of Excellence in Hematology
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Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play critical roles in autoimmune, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial immune responses, and are activated by glycolipids presented by the MHC class I-like molecule, CD1d. How the activation of signaling pathways impacts antigen (Ag)-dependent iNKTcell activation is not well-known. In the current study, we found that the MAPK JNK2 not only negatively regulates CD1d-mediated Ag presentation in APCs, but also contributes to CD1d-independent iNKTcell activation. A deficiency in the JNK2 (but not JNK1) isoform enhanced Ag presentation by CD1d. Using a vaccinia virus (VV) infection model known to cause a loss in iNKTcells in a CD1d-independent, but IL-12-dependent manner, we found the virus-induced loss of iNKTcells in JNK2 KO mice was substantially lower than that observed in JNK1 KO or wild-type (WT) mice. Importantly, compared to WT mice, JNK2 KO mouse iNKTcells were found to express less surface IL-12 receptors. As with a VV infection, an IL-12 injection also resulted in a smaller decrease in JNK2 KO iNKTcells as compared to WT mice. Overall, our work strongly suggests JNK2 is a negative regulator of CD1d-mediated Ag presentation and contributes to IL-12-induced iNKTcell activation and loss during viral infections.
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