Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 26, Issue 5, Pages 4605-4617Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3941-7
Keywords
Environmental management; Environmental monitoring; Macrobenthic community; Marine pollution; Sediment quality triad; Toxicity identification evaluation
Categories
Funding
- Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [455280/2014-2]
- FAPESP, Sao Paulo State Research Foundation [13/15482-0]
- CNPq [311609/2014-7]
- PIBIC-CNPq [31552, 34449, 39038]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [13/15482-0] Funding Source: FAPESP
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Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) aim to protect habitats, biodiversity, and ecological processes as a conservation tool. These areas have been affected by contamination, which threats the biodiversity and ecological functioning. In this study, we evaluated the sediment quality of Xixova-Japui State Park (XJSP), an MPA located in an urbanized Bay (Santos, Southeast Brazil) by integrating multiple lines-of-evidence. Six sites were selected within the XJSP and analyzed for sediment chemistry, toxicity, and benthic community descriptors using Sediment Quality Triad approach (SQT). Whole-sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) was employed as a complementary line of evidence to confirm the presence of domestic effluent discharges as a potential stressor. The SQT showed that sediments collected within XJSP are impacted by contaminants, exhibiting chronic toxicity and changes in benthic community. TIE results indicated that trace metals, organic contaminants, and ammonia contributed to the observed effects. Our results also indicate a lack of effectiveness of MPA in protecting the biodiversity due to the contamination sources, which requires efforts to pollution control in order to ensure the environmental conservation and management plan goals.
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